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Sunday 10 August 2014

Creating your own packet (cont...)

My own packet:

       Since i am getting a lot of messages related to creating your own packet in aodv,  i am going to write another post explaining about packet creation and how to add tracing information in cmu_trace.cc. The intro post create your own packet - part 1.

      i) Create your own packet in aodv-packet.h

/* =====================================================================
   Packet Formats...
 ===================================================================== */
#define AODVTYPE_HELLO  0x01
#define AODVTYPE_RREQ   0x02
#define AODVTYPE_RREP   0x04
#define AODVTYPE_RERR   0x08
#define AODVTYPE_RREP_ACK  0x10

#define AODVTYPE_MYREQ   0x20
#define AODVTYPE_MYREP   0x40

...
...

/*
 * AODV Routing Protocol Header Macros
 */
#define HDR_AODV(p) ((struct hdr_aodv*)hdr_aodv::access(p))
#define HDR_AODV_REQUEST(p)  ((struct hdr_aodv_request*)hdr_aodv::access(p))
#define HDR_AODV_REPLY(p) ((struct hdr_aodv_reply*)hdr_aodv::access(p))
///
#define HDR_AODV_MYREQUEST(p)  ((struct hdr_aodv_myrequest*)hdr_aodv::access(p))
#define HDR_AODV_MYREPLY(p) ((struct hdr_aodv_myreply*)hdr_aodv::access(p))

....
....


struct hdr_aodv_myrequest {
        u_int8_t        rq_type; // Packet Type
        u_int8_t        reserved[2];
        nsaddr_t        rq_dst;         // Destination IP Address
        nsaddr_t        rq_src;         // Source IP Address
       nsaddr_t trust_on;       // Node on which, we want to know the trust

        double          rq_timestamp;   // when REQUEST sent;
       // used to compute route discovery latency

       //#define RREQ_GRAT_RREP 0x80

  inline int size() { 
  int sz = 0;
  /*
  sz = sizeof(u_int8_t) // rq_type
    + 2*sizeof(u_int8_t) // reserved
    + sizeof(u_int8_t) // rq_hop_count
    + sizeof(double) // rq_timestamp
    + sizeof(u_int32_t) // rq_bcast_id
    + sizeof(nsaddr_t) // rq_dst
    + sizeof(u_int32_t) // rq_dst_seqno
    + sizeof(nsaddr_t) // rq_src
    + sizeof(u_int32_t); // rq_src_seqno
  */
  sz = 7*sizeof(u_int32_t);
  assert (sz >= 0);
return sz;
  }
};

struct hdr_aodv_myreply {
        u_int8_t        rp_type;        // Packet Type
        u_int8_t        reserved[2];

        nsaddr_t        rp_dst;                 // Destination IP Address
        nsaddr_t        rp_src;                 // Source IP Address
        nsaddr_t  trust_on; // Node on which, we want to know the trust
        double         rp_lifetime;            // Lifetime
        double trust_val;
        double          rp_timestamp;           // when corresponding REQ sent;
       // used to compute route discovery latency
        inline int size() { 
        int sz = 0;
  /*
  sz = sizeof(u_int8_t) // rp_type
    + 2*sizeof(u_int8_t) // rp_flags + reserved
    + sizeof(u_int8_t) // rp_hop_count
    + sizeof(double) // rp_timestamp
    + sizeof(nsaddr_t) // rp_dst
    + sizeof(u_int32_t) // rp_dst_seqno
    + sizeof(nsaddr_t) // rp_src
    + sizeof(u_int32_t); // rp_lifetime
  */
  sz = 6*sizeof(u_int32_t);
  assert (sz >= 0);
return sz;
  }

};

....


    ii)  In aodv.cc

....
....

void AODV::recvAODV(Packet *p) 
{
struct hdr_aodv *ah = HDR_AODV(p);

assert(HDR_IP (p)->sport() == RT_PORT);
assert(HDR_IP (p)->dport() == RT_PORT);

/*
* Incoming Packets.
*/
///
switch(ah->ah_type) 
{
case AODVTYPE_RREQ:
recvRequest(p);
break;

case AODVTYPE_RREP:
recvReply(p);
break;

case AODVTYPE_MYREQ:
recvMyRequest(p);
break;

case AODVTYPE_MYREP:
recvMyReply(p);
break;

....
....

void AODV::recvMyRequest(Packet *p) 
{
struct hdr_aodv_myrequest *rq = HDR_AODV_MYREQUEST(p);

// Get the trust value from rq->rq_dst i.e index
MobileNode *iNode;
iNode=(MobileNode *) (Node::get_node_by_address(index));
double tval = iNode->neigh_trust[rq->trust_on];
// Re-initialize the neighbor trust
iNode->neigh_trust[rq->trust_on] = 0;

sendMyReply(rq->rq_src, // IP Destination
            index, // Dest IP Address
rq->trust_on,   // Node on which, we want to know the trust
MY_ROUTE_TIMEOUT, // Lifetime
            rq->rq_timestamp,  // Timestamp
              tval); // Trust value
Packet::free(p);
// drop the myreq packet and create a reply packet
}


void AODV::recvMyReply(Packet *p) 
{
struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP(p);
struct hdr_aodv_myreply *rp = HDR_AODV_MYREPLY(p);
temp_trust[rp->rp_src][rp->trust_on] = rp->trust_val;
fprintf(fp,"\n%d on %d is %lf by %d at %lf",rp->rp_src,rp->trust_on,rp->trust_val,index,CURRENT_TIME);
Packet::free(p);
}

....
....


void AODV::sendMyRequest(nsaddr_t dst, nsaddr_t trust_n) 
{
// printf("\nsend trust req to %d %d by %d at %lf\n",dst,trust_n,index,CURRENT_TIME);
// Allocate a RREQ packet 
Packet *p = Packet::alloc();
struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP(p);
struct hdr_aodv_myrequest *rq = HDR_AODV_MYREQUEST(p);
// Fill out the MYREQ packet 
// ch->uid() = 0;
ch->ptype() = PT_AODV;
ch->size() = IP_HDR_LEN + rq->size();
ch->iface() = -2;
ch->error() = 0;
ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_NONE;
ch->prev_hop_ = index;          // AODV hack
ch->next_hop_ = dst;

ih->saddr() = index;
ih->daddr() = dst;
ih->sport() = RT_PORT;
ih->dport() = RT_PORT;

// Fill up some more fields. 
rq->rq_type = AODVTYPE_MYREQ;
rq->rq_dst = dst;
rq->rq_src = index;
rq->trust_on = trust_n;
rq->rq_timestamp = CURRENT_TIME;

Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, p, 0.);
}

....
....

void AODV::sendMyReply(nsaddr_t ipdst, nsaddr_t rpdst, nsaddr_t trust_n, u_int32_t lifetime, double timestamp, double trust_v) 
{
Packet *p = Packet::alloc();
struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP(p);
struct hdr_aodv_myreply *rp = HDR_AODV_MYREPLY(p);

rp->rp_type = AODVTYPE_MYREP;
rp->rp_dst = ipdst;
rp->rp_src = index;
rp->trust_on = trust_n;
rp->trust_val = trust_v;
rp->rp_lifetime = lifetime;
rp->rp_timestamp = timestamp;
   
// ch->uid() = 0;
ch->ptype() = PT_AODV;
ch->size() = IP_HDR_LEN + rp->size();
ch->iface() = -2;
ch->error() = 0;
ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_INET;
ch->next_hop_ = ipdst;
ch->prev_hop_ = index;          // AODV hack
ch->direction() = hdr_cmn::DOWN;

ih->saddr() = index;
ih->daddr() = ipdst;
ih->sport() = RT_PORT;
ih->dport() = RT_PORT;
ih->ttl_ = NETWORK_DIAMETER;

Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, p, 0.);
}

....
....

// calling sendMyRequest() function
// inside 
// in my use case
sendMyRequest(i,j); 


   iii) Include all the function declaration in aodv.h

   iv) Adding tracing info in cmu-trace.cc file

...
...
void
CMUTrace::format_aodv(Packet *p, int offset)
{
        struct hdr_aodv *ah = HDR_AODV(p);
        struct hdr_aodv_request *rq = HDR_AODV_REQUEST(p);
        struct hdr_aodv_reply *rp = HDR_AODV_REPLY(p);
        struct hdr_aodv_myrequest *trq = HDR_AODV_MYREQUEST(p);
        struct hdr_aodv_myreply *trp = HDR_AODV_MYREPLY(p);

        switch(ah->ah_type) {
        case AODVTYPE_RREQ:
                ....
                ....
                
        case AODVTYPE_MYREQ:

if (pt_->tagged()) {
    sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
    "-aodv:t %x -aodv:d %d -aodv:s %d -aodv:o %d"
    "-aodv:c REQUEST ",
    trq->rq_type,
                            trq->rq_dst,
                            trq->rq_src,
                            trq->trust_on);
  } else if (newtrace_) {

    sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
"-P aodv -Pt 0x%x -Pd %d -Ps %d -Po %d -Pc REQUEST ",
trq->rq_type,
                        trq->rq_dst,
                        trq->rq_src,
                        trq->trust_on);

} else {

    sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
"[0x%x [%d] [%d]] (REQUEST)",
trq->rq_type,
                        trq->rq_dst,
                        trq->rq_src,
                        trq->trust_on);
}
                break;

        case AODVTYPE_RREP:
        case AODVTYPE_HELLO:
        case AODVTYPE_RERR:
               ....
               ....
             break;
               
case AODVTYPE_MYREP:
if (pt_->tagged()) {
    sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
    "-aodv:t %x -aodv:d %d -aodv:o %d"
    "-aodv:l %f -aodv:v %f -aodv:c %s ",
    trp->rp_type,
    trp->rp_dst,
    trp->trust_on,
    trp->rp_lifetime,
    trp->trust_val,
    "MYREPLY");
} else if (newtrace_) {
sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
    "-P aodv -Pt 0x%x -Pd %d -Po %d -Pl %f -Pv %f -Pc %s ",
trp->rp_type,
trp->rp_dst,
trp->trust_on,
trp->rp_lifetime,
trp->trust_val,
"REPLY");
        } else {
sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset,
"[0x%x [%d] %d %f %f] (%s)",
trp->rp_type,
trp->rp_dst,
trp->trust_on,
trp->rp_lifetime,
trp->trust_val,
"MYREPLY");
}
                break;
        default:
#ifdef WIN32
                fprintf(stderr,
        "CMUTrace::format_aodv: invalid AODV packet type\n");
#else
fprintf(stderr,
        "%s: invalid AODV packet type\n", __FUNCTION__);
#endif
                abort();
        }
}

     v)  In ns-2.35/trace/cmu-trace.cc , We need to add tracing information otherwise, we will get a "invalid AODV packet type" error.
     vi)  Whenever you do changes in aodv files, run all these four commands (Do Not Forget),
                    ./configure
                     make clean
                     make
                     make install   

Note:  I didn't do everything, but i did give you enough information, to proceed. Try to understand the functionality, then it is much simple. Hope it helps...




6 comments:

  1. hello friend, I need to perform Man in the middle attack on AODV, I am confused that which file I should modify to perform the attack.??

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Every protocol has a cc file... thats the main one. In your case its aodv.cc...

      Delete
  2. heyy karthick.. I too want to know how can we perform MITM on AODV..
    thanks

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hey, i haven't tried MITM attack. So help yourself

      Delete
  3. Hello Sir

    Wish to as you to please help me with a code to use and send a message to the source node in aodv through unicast during local route repair
    I am very willing to discuss details about what I am trying to achieve.
    thanks in advance

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. @Nyarkanyuy, if you have specific question ask. If i know something, i will share; I stopped working on ns2 long back, so guys i think its time for you start trying and sharing the results to the world. Thank you...

      Delete

Thanks & Regrds,
Karthick SIva